Truck side frame



G, A. ANDERSON TRUCK SIDE FRAME Filed Deo. 2'?, 1922 March 1 2 Sheets-Sheet l March 1 G. A. ANDERSON TRUCK SIDE FRAME* Filed Dec. 27, 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 abbo'cwag Patented Mar.`i,`ri92l7. l i 1,619,688v UNITED STATES PATENT oEFicE GUSTAF A. ANDERSON, F BALTIMORE, MARYLAND, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSGN- MENTS, T0 THE SYMINGTON COMPANY,'A CORPORATION 0F MARYLAND.

TRUCK sinn FRAME.

` -Application led December 27, 1922. Serial No. 809,212.

, My'invention relates to side frames for yet have the extended flanges of the overcar trucks and moreparticularly to the type lapped portions approximately the same `5 set forth in my co-pending application Selength and in so doing permit the use of rialNo. 595,094, filed October 17, 1922, of centrally located longitudinally' arranged 5 which the present application is a continuarivets with a maximum amount of metal tion in part. l upon each side' of said rivets.

The present invention has been primarily Another object ofthe invention is to form 60 designed to provide a strong, stiff and coma truck side frame from a blank of wrought paratively )light weight construction in meta-l in which the pedestal tie bar sections io which costs incident to maintenance are of' the blank are provided with portions reduced to a minimum, and generally stated, adapted to be overlapped and riveted, the

involves the production of a truck side overlapped portions forming an increased frame from a wrought metal blank which bcaring'area forthe journal box bolts and is cut, flanged, folded and united to form consequently aestronger tie connection for Al5 spaced inner and outer side Walls, each of the journal box in which 4the transverse said walls including a plurality of truck stresses from the `bolts are transmitted column portions, a plurality K of -top arch through said overlappedflanges,directly to 70 bar portions, a plurality of bottom arch bar' the side walls. V portions, and a plurality of pedestal tie bai` Another object of the invention is to ro'- 20 portions. vide a pressed metal side ame inl w ich One of the principal'feature's of my in-v Pthe truck columnlportions are formedwith vention, particularly stated, is to provide offset portions arrangedinwardly of the a car truck side frame from ya blank of side walls of the frame to form bolster metal,the marginal fianges of portions o f guides,.said guides being adapted to receive 25 said blank extending beneath'the truck colbolster chaiing or wear plates, the side faces umn ortions and bolster opening, and beof which latter are of a depth to preventy ing a utted and .welded preferably on the the use lof the weld connection as a part longitudinal center of the side frame, and of the wearing surface with which the the continuing marginal flanges of the adbolster contacts. As a direct result of' this V3c jacent pedestal tie bar portions being overconstruction, I am enabled to provide spaced lapped and riveted with yportions thereof vapartand comparatively few weld points,

extending beyond and to either side of and as said weld points are located outside the longitudinal center of the frame. of the bearing area, the task and added A further object of the 'invention is to expense of finishing or dressing, the same 35 provide a car truckv side frame from a by grinding, as has heretofore Vbeen the flanged blank of metal adapted to be folded practice, are obviated. I at the top and united at the bottom, a plu- A further feature of the invention is to rality of welds being used' to join the ad.- provide a reinforcing means for the ends jacent flanged portions of the blank at the of the side frame above the journal boxes,

4,0 base of the truck columns, and comparasaid means including a substantially \rec tively few advantageously located rivets betangular blank of metal having two oppoing utilized to uniteY overlapped ortions site' corners thereof bent upwardly and riv- 95 of said flanges between the base of t e truck eted to the spaced side walls of the side .columns and the ends of the side frame. frame and the remaining two opposite cor- 45 In my present construction, the side walls ners of the blank being also bent upwardlyl of the frame are provided with symmetto form Lips adapted to engage the heads rically cut truck columnportions, top arch of the journal box. bolts and prevent their 100 bar portions, bottomareh bar portions, and rotation under Service conditions.

pedestal tie bar portions, but in tle fiangyA further feature of the invention is to.

ing of the overlapped portions of the frame provide certain of the fia-nged portions of vdifferent radii are used, thereby making 'it the blank with projections ortabs, said propossible to provide for symmetrical blank jections in addition to providing advanta e- 105 ing about the longitudinal center lline and ous gripping A portions for bending t e f connected bolster wear plate, on .the line blank, beingdesigned with a portion against which a tool may be placed to force or pry the ujournal box loose from the side frame.

A still further feature of the invention consists in manufacturing a car truck side frame by forming from a sheet of wrought metal Va blank having corresponding side frame portions which are symmetrically disposed with respect to an axis of symmetry passing ing portions of said blank to form flanges, some of which flanges are bent on diderent radii to provide for the overlapping thereof, folding the blank with portions` of the flanges abutting and other portions overlapping, welding the abutted portions, and riveting saidV overlapped portions. i

There are other features of the invention pertaining to the particular relation of parts and details of construction, as will hereinafter appear.

In the drawings illustrating the invention, the scope whereof isA pointed out in the claims:

Figure 1 is a view partly in side elevation and partly in vertical section of a car truck side frame embodying my invention, the wheels and journal boxes of the truck being shown in dotted lines.

Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view on the line 2-2 of Figure 1, a portion of the spring plank and saddle casting thereof being shown in dotted lines.

Figure 3 isa detail bottom plan view of a portion of the side frame showing the relation of the welded portions, theoverlapped and riveted portions, and the intervening transition portion of the continuous marginal stiifening flanges.

Figure 4 is a detail bottom plan view of one of the bottom arch bar portions showing the same united to the reinforcing member in position.

Figure 5 is a detail horizontal sectional View through the truck column portion and 5-5 of Figure 1.

Figure 6 is a detail cross the line 6-6 of Figure 1 showing the inturned flanges of the pedestal tie bar portions overlapped and rivetedthe radii about which said flanges are bent being different.

Figure 7 is a detail side elevation of a modified form of reinforcing plate or mem:- ber in which single rivets of relatively large size are used for connecting the reinforcin0` plate to the side walls of the frame, sai rivets being located in staggered relation.

Figure 8 is a view illustrating a sheet metal blank used for forming the truck side frame constructed in accordance with my present invention.

Referring to the reference characters .designate corresponding parts in the several views, my improved sectional view on between them, bending corresponddrawings in which similar side frame includes an outer wall 1 and an` inner wall 2 formed from a continuous sheet or blank of wrought metal folded at the top. Y

The walls are arranged' in spaced relation and each comprises truck column portions 3,

top arch bar portions 4, bottom arch bar portions 5, and pedestal'tie bar portions 6. The blank is preferably folded at the top of the side frame onfastraight line which is parallel to an axis of symmetry passing between symmetrical side frame portions, said portions being provided with inwardly extending stiffening flanges, all of which are preferably bent from one side of the blank, as best shown in Figure 8( The full lines in said figure indicate the contour of the blank as originally cut.

The top of the side frame is preferably' slightly crowned, as shown, the Alower edges of the top arch bar portions being provided with inwardly extending stiffening flanges 7 the said lower edges being downwardly inclined from'the truck column portions to producev in effect a cambered compression member. Inwardly projecting stifl'ening flanges 8 are also provided on the lower edges of the top arch bar portions between the truck columns, said flanges being continued around the upper corner bends adjacent the truck columns and merging into similar flanges 9 extending inwardly from the truck column portions. the side walls between the truck column p0rtions are also provided with inwardly extending stiffening flanges 10, said flanges being continuations of the vertically arranged flanges 9 and adapted to extend across the lower edge of the bolster or window opening.- At each corner bend adjacent the lower edge of said window opening, the merging flanges' 9 and 1() are abutted and welded, said weld forming one of the welds providedv atfthe base of the truck column.

The rear edges of the truck column portions are preferably provided with inwardly extending stiffening flanges 11, said flanges lconforming to the angular disposition of said rear edges of the truck column por` tions, as shown in Figure 1. The flanges 11 unite with the inwardly extending flanges 7 provided on the lower edges of the top arch bar portions, said flanges 11` also uniting with adjacent continuing stifening flanges 12 extending -inwardly and provided along the upper edges of the bottom arch 7, 11 and 12sursubstantially tr1angularly shaped The flanges bar portions. round the openings in the said frame, adding rigidity to the frame adjacent the corresponding side fra-me portions and also permitting omission ofconsiderable metal from the blank`without impairing its strength value.

v The vbottomarch bar portions 5 are each formed with aninwardly extending` stiifening flange 13, portions ofthe respective afforded for the journal of the frame.

shown in is indicated to best stand the strains of yservice1 conditions, and constituting the second of the three weldshereinbefore referred to as arranged at the base of the truck columns'. he inwardly extending flanges 13 are prolonged over the journal boxes and are abutted on the longitudinal center of the side frame, as clearly shown in Figure 4. Each prolonged extension is formed with semicircular notches 15 adapted to co-act with similar adjacent notches to form thejournal box bolt openings'. The welds uniting the abutting portions of the prolonged extionsions are located immediately adjacent the notches forming the bolt openings, thereby providing strong and eilicient bearing areas for the bolts at these points.

The prolonged extensions of the flan es 13 above the journal boxes are, in addition to being abutted and welded, also preferably reinforced by a plate member or section 16, said member being provided with upwardly extending oppositely ,disposed side portions adapted to be riveted to the respective inner and outer side walls of the` side frame. Rivets 17 connect the reinforcing member to the side walls 1 and'\2. The bottom or; base portion of the reinforcing member 16 contacts the ed extensions ofl the bottom arch bar portions, and is` provlided with openings adapted to re ister with the journal box bolt openings ormed in said prolonged extensions. A double bearing box bolts by the interpositioning of' the reinforcing member, and at the same time the ends of the side frame are materially strengthened. The

longitudinal opposite/ends of the reinforcing plate member are preferably 'bent upwardly to form lips which engage the side faces of the journal bolt heads and prevent rotation thereof. In practice the reinforcin member is formed from a substantiallyrectangular plate or sheet of metal, the opposite corner portions thereof being bent upwardly to provide riveting areas againstl theu side walls of the frame,

and locking means for the journal box bolts between'Y the side walls I/[n Figure 7 a ing plate` 16 is shown, a single rivet of relatively large size being.used to attach the plate to each side wall of the side frame.

he rivets are preferably staggered, as shown, to provide for their insertign. In other respects the reinforcing plate is substantially identical. jwiththe eiijbodimeni'thel rivets 21 are disposed in transition to Figure the v,ing `flanges 19, 'said flan by the numeral 14, said weldl being advantageously located at this point prolonged and unitbl area is thereby d1 g side frame substantially tions, 1n accordance with modified form-of reinforc- The i edestal tieA bar portions 6 are each provide with inwardl y extending stifl'enbeneath the lower arch bar portions and bolster opening, and preferably terminating vconstituting the third of the weld points hereinbefore referred to. the side base of the truck columns forms a box scction of great strength at the points of maxi- A cross section of fmum stress, the box section continuing beed to overlie the longitudinal center of the The location of the base of the strong construcges being continuousl frame immediately adjacent thev side frame, as clearly shown in Figures 3 Y and 6. The extending portions of the flanges 19 are overlapped and connected by means ol rivets 21, said rivets being referably located in a' plane passing throug the longitudinal center of the side frame. The portions of the flanges 19 which are provided with thc overlapping extensions of tabs are preferay symmetrical, that is, each langed'pedestal tie bar portion is similarly formed and in order to overlap saidV extensions with a maximum amount of metalupon each side of the rivets, the flanges 19 are bent inwardl onv 'fl'erent radii, as clearly shown in Figure 6. The uppermost flange 19 is bent inwardly on a relatively smaller radius than the lowermost adjacent flange. The lowermost ange 19 is bent inwardly on a relatively larger radius than its adjacent uppermost flange, said radius permitting the extension or tab on said flange to project a maximum distance beyond the longitudinal center of the equal to its adjacent overlapping extension, thereby providing a tuo very strong and effective riveting area. The

overlapping of the extending flanged portion, provides a particularly strong connection immediately adjacent the critical oints in the side frame, said connection. eing easily effected in the manufacturen of the frame because of the advantageous dis'- positionof the rivets. 1

' forming the overlapping connection of the pedestal tie bar portions with the compensating radii -aforesaid, the continuous marginal flanges betweenthe weld/20 and gradually effect the overlapping with minil mum stretching of the metal. A

` faces for one of the journal box overlapped at the gap or opening is preferably left between the anges intermediate the innermost rivet 21 and the weld 20. The overlapped portions of the flanges are preferably disposed to provide a gradually increasing cross sectional area of metal reaching its maximum size at a point through which the innermost journal box bolt extends. This increased thickness of the metal provides a strong bearing area and permits the journal box bolts to take the strains, thereby reducing all tendency of horizontal shear between the side walls, to a minimum.

The overlappingl portions of the ilanges 'ust described provide adjacent bearing surbolts and at least some of the connecting rivets. The flanges 19 are also provided with extensions 22 having openings therein adapted to be said overlapped extensions forming a very -strong bearing surface for the outer journal box bolt, and acting in conjunction with hthe nheretofore described overlapped extensions to eii'ectively resist strains incident to service conditions. are preferably tapered inwardly at each end ofthe frame, as shown in yFigure 3. The journal box bolts passing through the ends of the side frame are firmly retained in position bothxabove and below the journal boxes, the increased bearing area retaining said bolts being easily inexpensively produced.

Projections or tabs 23 are preferably provided on the pedestal tie bar portions, said projections being used as a holding portionY when bending the flanges 19. A tace or edge 24 is formed on each tab, being reatively straight, and located close Dtothe inner side wall of the journal box. This construction permits a tool or bar to be easily inserted between said edge 24 and the side wall of the journal box so as to force or pry the same loose.

In my present construction of side frame the truck column portions are inwardly oilset at their upperA ends to provide vertical bolster guide portions. As viewed in -Figure 5 the offset portions are relativelywide and' deep so as toprovide for the attachmentof the wear or chafing plates 25. Each 4chafing plate is provided l,with lateral or side faces sufficiently large to receive the. full wearing .face of the bolster. The plates are preferably attached to the truck column portions'by means of spaced weld connections 26` said welds in my present embodiment u "being located adjacent the top zand, bottom of said plates. The welds are also located back or clear of the bolster guide and do notv receive any of the wear.

to provide ends of the side frame,

v columns it The side walls of the side frame y said edge things, yblank having corresponding side frame por- ;respect to an being operated upon to In my present confl struction these welds need not be `nished a wearing surface for the.bol-

i of the rectangular blank .or

tively small welds can be used at correspondingly reduced cost.

The offset portions on the truck column portions are preferably continued around the corner arch bar portions with the upper ends of the truck column portions, as indicated in Fig. 1. This construction provides for an easement of the metal in the corner bend as well as along the edge of the truck column offset portion, it being obvious that the bending .of the stiffening anges is eected through a gradual disposition of the metal as distinguished from an abrupt or relatively sharp corner bend or pronounced edge portion inv which latter construction the metal would be subjected to severe stretching which would ultimately result in cracks and fracbend at the junction of the top tures of the, frame at thesey critical points. i.

While I have shown and describedthis easement of the metal at the'junction of the upper portion of the sidewall and truck will be apparent that its use atithelower` endsA of the truck columns is equally effective`V in that it is particularly desirable that the metal at. these junctions of then truck columns .and the (beam 4or load supporting member be not strained in the bending inwardly of the stitl'ening flanges which :project into the bolster opening. AnA Yedge portion' or transverseI corner bend through the column or 'beam member of a receding nature '1s desirable to avoid the possibility of unduly stretching the metal,

and I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself eitherv to' the location or exact character of said receding or gradually bent edge portion.

My improved method of Vmanufacturing car truck side frames includes,` among other forming a continuous sheet metal tions which are symmetrically disposed with axis of symmetry of the blank passing between them, bending corresponding portions of said blank to form marginal flanges, said langes beingprovided with pol'.- tions adapted to be overlapped and united. One of the marginal flanges of the overlapped portions is bent with relation to its adjacent flange so asto compensate for the difference in length of the overlap, this being accomplished by the use o-dilerent radii about which/the marginal flanges are bent.

`Another step in the manufacture o'f my presy.

ent side frame involves the use of a single die whereby the continuous sheet of metal is blanked out, one-half at a time, the sheet which are subsequently folded toprovidethe spaced inner andI outer sidewalls.

The extending portions of the marginal flanges which are overlapped .and united are preferably arranged within the limits sheet from which form duplicate halves 125 l the side Lframe is formedg-Jthatis to say the ferent radii` to provide substantially an e are overlapped is along the angularly diso the overlap extending upon each side of `as a result considerable saving of metal is 6. A car -itruck side frame including a 70 1,619,688 c .Y j 5 location of the portions of the flanges which ual amount of metal upon the portionsy posed portions of the pedestal tie bars, and the longitudinal center of the side frame.

` effected. .It will be observed that my immetal'sheet shaped to form inner and outer proved method of blanking, Hanging and side walls, each ofsaid side walls being uniting the corresponding side frame porprovided with corresponding side frame tions also involves abutting and welding on portions, and a plurality of flanges formed the longitudinal center of the-side frame integral with the 'side walls and extending '.75 portions thereof located at the bottom of inwardly thereof, portions of said flanges the truck columns, and riveting overlapped being overlapped and united on the longiportions adjacent said welds, said rivets betudinal center of the side frame, the bend` ing preferably located on the longitudinal ing of opposite langes occurring on difcenter of the vside frame and disposed to' ferent radii to provide for substantiallyan 80 provide ample clearance above the, rails. equal amount of metal in the overlapped I claim: portions extending beyond the longitudinal V1. A` carl truck side frame involving a center..

\ Wroughtmetal sheet shaped 'to form'inne'rA '.7. Av carl truck side frame .including a and outer side Walls; each'of said side walls n ietal sheet shaped to form ,inner and outer '85'- having corresponding side frame portions, side walls, each of` said side walls being 4means including a plurality of welds unitprovided with corresponding sidey frame ing the side frame portions, and rivet means portions, and a plurality o f flanges provided uniting other of said -side frame portions, -on said side walls and extending inwardly said rivet means being located at the bottom thereof; portions of said flanges being of the side frame and arranged on` a line adapted to be abutted and welded, and other passing through. the. longitudinal center of portionsof said flanges adapted to be over- `s`aid frame.y lapped and riveted, the bending of the por- 2. A carv truck side frame' including ai tions 0f. the flanges which are overlapped p metal sheet shaped to form inner and outer loccurring ondifferent radii to provide a Side Walls, each of said sidewalls being i maximum'amount of metal in the portions provided withcorresponding side frame or- 0f the overlap extending beyond `the :longitions, af plurality of projections provide on tudinal center ofl the side frame. each of said side walls, said projectionsbe- 8. A car truck side frame-including inner ing loverlapped with portions thereof exand outer side walls, each of said side walls tendin beyond the longitudinal center ofA being provided with a plurality of truck the sidi frame` and rivet' means connecting column portions, a plurality of top arch bar said overlapped rejections. portions, avplurality of bottom arch bar Car truc side frame including a. portionsz and al plurality of pedestal tie metal sheet Shaped to form inner and outer ar portions,llanges formed on said pedestal 105 side walls. each of said side walls being protie bar portions, said flanges extending'invided with. corresponding .side frame por- Wardly ofthe side frame and projecting bevtions, a plurality of flanges extending inneath the truck column portions, and a eted.

wardly of the side walls, said flanges having ,z plurality 4of rivets uniting the inner edges portions thereof .abutted' and welded, and 0f said flanges adjacent the base of the 110 other portions thereof. overlapped and rivtruck column portions.

Y z 9. A car truck side frameincluding inner 4. A car truck side frame including a and outer side walls, each of said side walls metal sheet shaped to forminner and outer Abeing provided with a plurality of vtruck i. side walls, each of said side walls being procolumn portions, a plurality of top arch vided with 'corresponding side `frame .(clwlre bar portions,a pluralityof bottom arch bar tions, and' a plurality of flanges exten g portions, a plurality of pedestal tie bar porinwardly of t e side walls, said flanges havtions, flanges provided von said pedestal tie -ing portions thereof abutted and welded, b ar portions and extending inwardly'of the 's1de walls, eac

and other portions thereof overlapped and side walls, saidflan es being bent and their '120 riveted, said overlapped portions being roinner portions over apped, the bending of longed to extend beneath the journal box. said iangesoccurring on different radii to A orar truck side frame including a provide a substantially equa amount" of Jmetal sheet vsha ed to form inner andouter metal in the overlap upon each side of the E of said side lWalls being longitudinal center of the side frame, and provided .with corresponding side frame rivet means vuniting said overlapped porportions, and a plurality of flanges extendtions.

, ing inwardly of `the sidefwalls, portions of 10. A pressed metal car truck side frame saidflanges being bent and overlapped, the including pedestal tie bar portions having bending of said flanges occuring about difvflanges bent inwardly of the outer faces of end of the said iframe,l

said aiiges being overthe side frame,

with a maximum portion thereof lapped overlying the longitudinal center ot the side frame, and means flanges..

11. A pressed metal cartruck side frame including pedestal tie bar portions provided with marginal flanges adapted to be bent uniting' said overlapped yupon different radii and having their inner portions overlapped and united.

12. A car truck side'frame formed rfrom a metal blank and including pedestal tie bar portions, said portions being provided with marginal flanges adapted to be bent at different radii and having their` inner edges `overlapp ed,and means uniting said overlapped portions in 'a plane passing tions of said flanges beingoverlapped and united.

y 14. A pressed metalcar truck side frame provided with pedestal tie bar portions, continuous marginal flanges provided on said tie bar portions and adapted to be bent on vdifferent radii, .the inner edges 'of said iianges being overlapped and provided with a plurality of registering openings, some of said openings being adapted to receive rivets and other of said openings being adapted to receive the journal box bolts;

15. A pressed metal car truck side frame including a lpluralit1 bf pedestal tie 'bar portions formed wit .continuous marginal ilanges, portions o said flanges being abutted and welded on the longitudinal center of the side frame and other portions of said anges being overlappedy and riveted on said longitudinal center.

16. A -pressed metal car truck side frame including a plurality of pedestal tie bar portions provided with continuous marginal anges, portionsof said flanges being bent upon dil'erent radii and overlapped to provide substantially an e ual amount of metal in the overlapped portions projecting upon each side of the longitudinal'center of the side frame, rivet means connecting said overlapped portions, and other portions of said continuous marginal flanges being abutted and Welded.

17. A pressed metal car truck side'frame including a plurality o pedestal tie '.bar portions provided with continuous marginal iianges adapted to .be overlapped and united, said flanges increasing in cross sectional area toward theend of the side frame andA being provided with a plurality of spaced outer and 'openings adapted to register to receiveLthe journal box bolts.

1 8. A car truck side frame involving a wrought metal sheet Yarranged to form inner walls, each of said Walls having a plurality of top arch bar portions, a plurality ot' bottom arch bar portions, and a plurality of pedestal tie bar portions; said pedestal tie bar portions having a plurality of overlapped portions arranged at spaced4 intervals upon at least one side of the truck column portions, and means connecting said overlapped portions.

19. A car truck side frame involving a Wrought metal sheet arranged to form spaced outer and inner Walls, each of said Walls havinga plurality of topV arch bar portions, a plurality of bottom arch bar portions, and a plurality of pedestal tie bar portions; said'pedestal tie bar portions having a plurality of overlapped portions, and

rivet means connecting said overlapped portions.

V2OfAcar truck side frame involving avvrought metal sheet arranged to formspaced outer and inner Walls, each of said Walls having a plurality of top arch bar portions, a plurality of bottom arch bar por, tions, and aplurality of pedestal tie bar portions; a plurality of overla ped portions provided on the'lower edges ofp said pedestal tie bar portions, and means connecting said overlapped portions. y

21. A car truck side frame involving a Wrought metal sheet arranged to form spaced Aouter and inner Walls, each ofsaid Walls having a plurality of top arch bar p ortions, a plurality of bottom arch bar portions., and a plurality of pedestal tie bar portions; a plurality of perforated over- /lapped portions provided on said pedestal ing through other of said perforated ovei'- lapped portions. j j

22. A car truck side frame involving a Wrought metal sheet arranged to form spaced outer and inner Walls, each of said Walls havinga plurality of top. arch bar portions, a plurality of bottom arch bar portions, and a plurality of pedestal ftie bar portions; inwardly extending flanges provided on said pedestal tie bar portions, and projections extending from said flanges, said projections overlappingly being adapted to 'be connected.

23. A car truck side `frame involving a wrought metal sheet shaped to provide a bolster opening and having edestal tie bar portions` extending beneat. opening, and. means including a plurality of overlapped portions provided. on said pedestal, tie bar portons for uniting the ,lINI

said bolster neath u top-arch bar portions, bottom arch bar ubeing formed with free edges. of the metal sheet, portions of said edges being abutted and welded bethe bolster opening'and intermediate said overlapped portions.' f f 24. A car ltruck Vside frame involving a continuous sheet metal blank shaped to form inner and outer side walls, each of said side walls comprising a plurality of top arch bar portions, a plurality of bottom arch har portions, a plurality of pedestal tie bar portions, and a plurality of truck column portions, said truck column portions being integrally connected to said several portions vand being inwardly olt'set'with respect to the side walls h of the slde frame 1 thereof to form bolster guides.

, necting said 5l)` th set with on said truck column portions and ying portions of 26. A car truck side frame including in combination integrally formed top arch bar f f portions, bottom arch bar portions, pedestal tie bar portions, and truck column portions, inwardly extending olset portions provided adapted to form bolster gui-des, a bolster chafing plate shaped to fit each of said offset portions, and means located at spaced intervals for conbolster chang plate to each truck column portion.

27. A car truck side frame involving a sheet metal blank shaped to form side walls and a bolster opening, each ofsaid side walls being provided withtruck column portions, the upper ends ofwhich are inwardly oset ingplates uniting said truck 'column por-l tions, and weld means connecting said chafinvg plates to the truck column portions, said weld means being located `outside ot' the wearinv surfaces ofv saidchafing plates. 28 cartruck sideI frame involving a sheet metal blank shaped to'form side walls and a bolster opening, each of said side walls being provided with truck column portions, e upper ends of which are inwardly o- Nrespectl to said side walls, bolster plates uniting said truck column portions, and means connecting said chafing plates to said truck column portions, said means being spaced` from thev wearing surfaces of the chafing plates. f u

29. The combination with a car truck side chafing frame having inwardly offset truck column h portions, of bolster chafing plates adapted to fit said offset portions, and means connectsaid chaing plates to the truck column portions at 'points outside of the wearing faces of the chaing plates.

A 30. A car truck side frame formed from a sheet metal blank and including a `plurality r 'truck side frame which consists in with respect tp-said side walls, bolster'chaff Amg corresponding portions of the of pedestal tie bar portions, each of said port-ions being formed with a projection adapted to serve bending a marginal flange upon the pedestal tie bar portion, said projection having a relatively straight edge portion located relatively close to at least one side 'Wall of the journal box whereby a tool can be inserted and moved between said straight edge portion and journal box to pry the latter loose. 31. T

f port-ions from .the same die, g corresponding portions'of the blank to fonn flanges, some of' which are adapted to be overlapped, -the bending of theA overlapped flanges occurring about dilerent radii t( provide ammaximum amountI of metal in the overlap upon each side of the longitudinal as holding means when center of the side frame, folding the blank,

and uniting said flanges.

3,2. The method of manufacturing car truck side frames which consists in forming rom a sheet of metal a blank in duplicate half portions from' the same die, said blank having corresponding side frame .portions lsymmetrically disposed with relation to an axls of symmetry' passing between them, bending corresponding portions of the blank wlrich project from the same side of the blank, folding the blank along a plurality of lines which throughoutf their length are arallel to said axis of symmetry, portions o the flanges abutted and other portions overlapped, weldinfr the abutted lianges, and riveting the .over apped flanges.

33. The method of manufacturin a car onning rom a sheet of metal a blank, said blank having corresponding side frame portions symmetrically disposed with relation to an axis of symmetry' passing between them, bending corresponding portions of the blank to form fianges with portions thereof adapted tov be overlapped, the bendin of the overlapped lportions occuring a out diferent radii to provide a Amaximum amount of metal in theA overlap upon each side of the longitudinal center of the side frame, folding the bla-nk along a plurality of lines which throughout their length are parallel to said axisV of symmetryfand uniting said flanges. v

34. The method of manufacturin la `car truck side frame which consists in orming from a rectangular sheet of metal afblank aving correspondingside frame portions including a pluralit of truck column portions, a plurality ofytoparch bar rtions, a plurality of botto arch bar portlons, and

a plurality of pedestal tie barportions; saidr i pedestal tie.bar portions being located wit-h-v in the limits of the rectangular blank, bendblank to form` flanges, some of which are adapted to stiening flange having a portion thereof be overlapped, the bending of the overbent and disposed at the junction of the lapped anges occuring on 'different radii, ange and adjacent sidewall to provide a 25 foldin' the blank, and uniting said flanges. receding edge portion in which the metal 35. car truck side frame involving a is subjected to minimum strains incident to wrought metal sheet formed to provide the bendingthereof. A

spaced outer and inner side walls and hav- 37. A car truck side frame involving a ing a bolster opening, and stiffening flanges wrought metal sheet formed to provide 30 projecting inwardly of the side walls in the spaced inner and outer side walls and having bolster openingyportions of said flanges at a bolster openin a plurality of truck the corner bends along thev edge of the columns, and sti ening flanges projecting bolster opening being bent inwardly through inwardly of the side walls into said ,bolster a gradual disposition of the metal toform opening, portions of said flanges 'at the 35 a receding edge portion at thejunction of junctions of the truck column portions and the side walls, and a stiiening flange proadjacent side Wall portions being bent in-- jecting into said bolster opening. s Wardly through a gradual disposition of the 36. A car truck side frame involving a metal to form a receding edge portion wrought metal sheet formed -to provide' which inclines toward and into the bolster 40 spaced inner and outer side walls and hav- "opening n v ing a bolster openingfand a'sti'ening flangeA In testimony whereof I ax my signature. projecting inwardly from .at least one of said side walls into the bolster opening, said GUSTAF A. ANDERSON. 

